Kuyeretsa kwa Taxus Kuchoka ndi Sepiabean ™

Meiyuan Qaan, Yuefang tan, Bo xu
Ntchito R & D Center

Chiyambi
Taxus (taxis chinensis kapena Chitchaina yw) ndi chomera chakuthengo chomwe chimatetezedwa ndi dzikolo. Ndi chomera chosowa komanso chokha chomwe chimasiyidwa ndi madzi oundana. Ilinso ndi chomera chachilengedwe chachilengedwe padziko lapansi. Taxus amagawidwa motentha kwambiri kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi, kumadera oyang'anira m'madzi, ali ndi mitundu 11 padziko lapansi. Pali mitundu 4 ndi mitundu imodzi ku China, yomwe tabadi ya Yunnan, taxis, taxis, taxis taxis ndi taxi ya kumwera kwa kum'mwera. Mitundu isanu iyi imagawidwa kumwera chakumadzulo China, South China, Central China, Kumpoto chakumadzulo China, kumpoto chakum'mawa ku China, kumpoto chakum'mawa China ndi Taiwan. Zomera za msonkho zimakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamankhwala, kuphatikiza ma travonoids, zingwe, zingwe, ma steroid, phenoid acids, sesquitides ndi glycosides. Wotchuka wotsutsa a Anti-Chotupa (kapena Paclitaxel) ndi mtundu wa zabodza. Maxl ali ndi njira zapadera za anticancer. Tamilidwe amatha "kumasula" microtubales pophatikiza ndi kupewa microtubales kuti alekanitse ma chromosomes polekanitsa ma cell, makamaka oyambitsa kuphedwa kwa ma cell [1]. Kuphatikiza apo, poyambitsa Macrophages, masolo amachititsa kuchepa kwa TNF-α (chotupa cha necrosis) ma recector ndi kutulutsidwa kwa Tnf-α, potuluka ma cell [2]. Kuphatikiza apo, taxol ikhoza kupangitsa Apoptosis pochitapo kanthu pa njira ya Apoptuctor yolumikizidwa ndi FIL / SPL kapena kuyambitsa mapulojeni a Cysteine ​​protesase [3]. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake konticancer zotsatira, tanol amagwiritsidwa ntchito khansa ya Ovariya, khansa ya m'mawere, khansa ya m'mimba, khansa ya m'mimba, mutu ndi khosi. Makamaka khansa yotsogola yam'madzi ndi khansa yapamwamba kwambiri ya Ovariya, taxol imadziwika kwambiri, chifukwa chake imadziwika kuti "kudzitchinjiriza kwa khansa".

Tambulani ndi mankhwala otchuka kwambiri pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi m'zaka zaposachedwa ndipo amawerengedwa kuti ndi amodzi mwa mankhwala oyenera kwambiri kwa anthu omwe zaka 20 zapitazi. M'zaka zaposachedwa, ndikukula kwa kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa khansa, kufunikira kwa magogo kumachulukanso. Pakadali pano, msonkho umafunikira kuti kafukufuku wachipatala kapena asayansi amachotsedwa mwachindunji kuchokera pagulu. Tsoka ilo, zomwe zili m'mabomba muzomera ndizochepa kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, zomwe talemba tagogo ndi 0,069% mu khungwa la taxus Brevifolia, lomwe limaganiziridwa kukhala ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri. Pakuchotsera 1 g wa taxl, pamafunika pafupifupi 13.6 makilogalamu a makungwa a msonkho. Kutengera kuyerekezera kumeneku, kumatenga mitengo ya magongole 3 - 12 komwe kumakhala ndi zaka zopitilira 100 pochiritsa wodwala wa ovarian. Zotsatira zake, mitengo yambiri yamtengoyo yadulidwa, yomwe imapangitsa kuti mitundu yamtengo yamtengo wapatali itayamba. Kuphatikiza apo, taxis ndiosauka kwambiri pazinthu komanso osachedwa kukula, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti zitheke ndikugwiritsa ntchito taxol.

Pakadali pano, kaphatikizidwe konse kwa taxol watsirizidwa bwino. Komabe, njira yake yopanga ndi yovuta kwambiri komanso yokwera mtengo, kupangitsa kuti ikhalebe yofunika kwambiri. Njira yopanga taxol tsopano imakhwima ndipo imawerengedwa kuti ndi njira yabwino yokulira gwero la maxrol kuwonjezera pa kubzala kokamba. Mwachidule, mu semi-synthesis ya taxol, taxol pormor yomwe ili yochuluka kwambiri zomera za taxus zimachotsedwa ndipo kenako zimasinthidwa kukhala manyowa ndi ma desinti ya mankhwala. Zomwe zili mu 10-deacetybcatin ⅲ mu singano za taxus baccata zitha kukhala 0,1%. Ndipo singano ndizosavuta kuyambiranso kufananiza ndi makungwa. Chifukwa chake, synthesis ya taxol yochokera ku 10-decetybaccatin ⅲ imakopa chidwi kwambiri ndi ofufuza [5] (monga tikuonera Chithunzi 1).

Chithunzi 1. Njira yopanga maxol yochokera ku 10-decetybcaccatin ⅲ.

Mu positi iyi, zobzala za msonkho zinatsukidwa ndi zokolola zolipiritsa zamadzimadzi za Spombography ™ makina ophatikizika ndi matope a Santai. Cholinga cha chandamale kukwaniritsa zofunikira za kuyera kwake ndipo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza zasayansi, kupereka yankho lokwera mtengo kuti muyeretsedwe kwamtunduwu.