Kuyeretsedwa kwa Taxus Extract ndi SepaBean™ Machine

Meiyuan Qian, Yuefeng Tan, Bo Xu
Ntchito R&D Center

Mawu Oyamba
Taxus (Taxus chinensis kapena Chinese yew) ndi chomera chakutchire chotetezedwa ndi dziko.Ndi chomera chosowa komanso chomwe chili pachiwopsezo chosiyidwa ndi madzi oundana a Quaternary.Ndiwonso chomera chokhacho chachilengedwe padziko lapansi.Taxus imagawidwa kumadera otentha a kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi mpaka kumadera otentha kwambiri, ndi mitundu pafupifupi 11 padziko lapansi.Pali mitundu inayi ndi mitundu imodzi ku China, yomwe ndi Northeast Taxus, Yunnan Taxus, Taxus, Tibetan Taxus ndi Southern Taxus.Mitundu isanuyi imagawidwa ku Southwest China, South China, Central China, East China, Northwest China, Northeast China ndi Taiwan.Zomera za Taxus zili ndi mitundu yambiri yamagulu amankhwala, kuphatikiza ma taxane, flavonoids, lignans, steroids, phenolic acid, sesquiterpenes ndi glycosides.Mankhwala otchuka odana ndi chotupa Taxol (kapena Paclitaxel) ndi mtundu wamisonkho.Taxol ili ndi njira zapadera zothana ndi khansa.Taxol imatha "kuundana" ma microtubules pophatikizana nawo ndikuletsa ma chromosomes kuti asalekanitse ma chromosome pa nthawi ya kugawikana kwa ma cell, zomwe zimapangitsa kufa kwa maselo ogawa, makamaka ma cell a khansa omwe akuchulukirachulukira[1].Kuphatikiza apo, poyambitsa macrophages, Taxol imayambitsa kuchepa kwa TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor) zolandilira ndikutulutsa TNF-α, potero kupha kapena kuletsa ma cell chotupa [2].Kuphatikiza apo, Taxol imatha kuyambitsa apoptosis pochita njira ya apoptotic receptor yolumikizidwa ndi Fas/FasL kapena kuyambitsa dongosolo la cysteine ​​​​protease[3].Chifukwa chazomwe zimalimbana ndi khansa, Taxol imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza khansa ya ovarian, khansa ya m'mawere, khansa ya m'mapapo yopanda maselo (NSCLC), khansa ya m'mimba, khansa ya m'mimba, khansa ya chikhodzodzo, khansa ya prostate, khansa ya m'mawere, mutu ndi khosi. khansa, etc[4].Makamaka khansa ya m'mawere yapamwamba komanso khansa ya m'mawere, Taxol ili ndi mphamvu yochiritsa, chifukwa chake imadziwika kuti "njira yomaliza yodzitetezera kuchiza khansa".

Taxol ndiye mankhwala otchuka kwambiri oletsa khansa pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi m'zaka zaposachedwa ndipo amadziwika kuti ndi amodzi mwamankhwala othandiza kwambiri oletsa khansa kwa anthu m'zaka 20 zikubwerazi.M'zaka zaposachedwa, ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu komanso kuchuluka kwa khansa, kufunikira kwa Taxol kwakulanso kwambiri.Pakadali pano, Taxol yofunikira pakufufuza zachipatala kapena zasayansi imachotsedwa mwachindunji ku Taxus.Tsoka ilo, zomwe zili mu Taxol muzomera ndizochepa.Mwachitsanzo, zomwe zili mu Taxol zimangokhala 0.069% mu khungwa la Taxus brevifolia, lomwe nthawi zambiri limatengedwa kuti lili ndi zinthu zambiri.Kuti muchotse 1 g ya Taxol, pamafunika pafupifupi 13.6 kg ya khungwa la Taxus.Kutengera kuyerekeza uku, zimatengera 3 - 12 mitengo ya Taxus yomwe ili ndi zaka zopitilira 100 kuti ichize wodwala khansa ya ovarian.Zotsatira zake, mitengo yambiri ya Taxus yadulidwa, zomwe zachititsa kuti mitundu yamtengo wapataliyi iwonongeke.Kuphatikiza apo, Taxus ndiyosauka kwambiri pazachuma komanso kukula pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupititsa patsogolo chitukuko ndikugwiritsa ntchito Taxol.

Pakadali pano, kuphatikiza kwathunthu kwa Taxol kwamalizidwa bwino.Komabe, njira yake yopangira zinthu ndizovuta kwambiri komanso zokwera mtengo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yopanda phindu la mafakitale.Njira ya semi-synthetic ya Taxol tsopano ndiyokhwima ndipo imatengedwa kuti ndi njira yabwino yowonjezerera gwero la Taxol kuwonjezera pa kubzala kochita kupanga.Mwachidule, mu semi-synthesis ya Taxol, cholozera cha Taxol chomwe chimakhala chochulukirapo muzomera za Taxus chimachotsedwa ndikusinthidwa kukhala Taxol ndi kaphatikizidwe ka mankhwala.Zomwe zili mu 10-deacetylbaccatin Ⅲ mu singano za Taxus baccata zikhoza kukhala mpaka 0.1%.Ndipo singano ndizosavuta kukonzanso poyerekeza ndi makungwa.Chifukwa chake, semi-synthesis ya Taxol yotengera 10-deacetylbaccatin Ⅲ ikukopa chidwi chochulukirapo kuchokera kwa ofufuza[5] (monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 1).

Chithunzi 1. Njira ya semi-synthetic ya Taxol yochokera ku 10-deacetylbaccatin Ⅲ.

Mu positi iyi, chotsitsa cha chomera cha Taxus chidayeretsedwa ndi makina opangira magetsi a SepaBean™ ophatikizika ndi makatiriji a SepaFlash C18 reversed-phase (RP) opangidwa ndi Santai Technologies.Chotsatira chomwe chimakwaniritsa zofunikira za chiyero chinapezedwa ndipo chingagwiritsidwe ntchito pakafukufuku wotsatira wa sayansi, ndikupereka njira yotsika mtengo yoyeretsa mwamsanga zinthu zachilengedwe zamtunduwu.